小学四年级英语语法(3)
概要:ldquo;-”。例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight2.序数词的构成1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例,four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixthseven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fiftheight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例,twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtiethforty --- fo
小学四年级英语语法(3),http://www.daertutu.com
第三章 数词和冠词
一、数词
表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。
1. 最基本的基数词如下表所示:
1~1011~1920~100
1 one11 eleven
2 two12 twelve20 twenty
3 three13 thirteen30 thirty
4 four14 fourteen40 forty
5 five15 fifteen50 fifty
6 six16 sixteen60 sixty
7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy
8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty
9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety
10 ten 100 one hundred
*基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。
例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine
百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。
例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight
2.序数词的构成
1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例,
four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth
seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth
2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,
one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth
eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth
3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例,
twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth
forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth
1) 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,
twenty –one ------ twenty- first
thirty-five ------thirty-fifth
a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third
*基数词变序数词的口诀:
基变序,有规律;词尾加上th(fourth, sixth)
一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母t, d, d;(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth);ve要用f替;(fifth,twelfth)
整十基数变序数,ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e;
要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。
二、冠词
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词,the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前,如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前,如 an apple, an hour, an English book.
1. 不定冠词(a,an)指人或事物的某一种类,表示“一个”,但不强调数量。
She is a teacher. That’s an orange.
2. 定冠词 the,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。
This is a bus. The bus is big.
3. 不用冠词的情况:
1) 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如,
Chinese, English, Jim等。
2) 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时,就不再用冠词了。如,
that mouse (那只老鼠)
3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如,
at home 在家 go to school 去上学
*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀:
特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;
海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;
方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;
船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;
姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠the加在前。
*零冠词用法口诀:
月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前;
三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。
冠词和数词专项练习
一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“/”。
1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school
4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time
6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon
9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser
二、选择填空
1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary”
A. an B.a C.the D./
2.This is ____ orange bike .
A.a B.an C.the D/
3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .
A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the
4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world .
A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the
5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening .
A.the B./ C/a D.an
6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .
A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the
7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .
A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, /
8.He was _____ first to come .
A.The B.a C.the D./
9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ?
A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the
10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .