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小学四年级英语语法(3)

[04-28 00:38:03]   来源:http://www.daertutu.com  四年级英语课外辅导   阅读:9553

概要:ldquo;-”。例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight2.序数词的构成1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例,four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixthseven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fiftheight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例,twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtiethforty --- fo

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  第三章 数词和冠词

  一、数词

  表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。

  1. 最基本的基数词如下表所示:

  1~1011~1920~100

  1 one11 eleven

  2 two12 twelve20 twenty

  3 three13 thirteen30 thirty

  4 four14 fourteen40 forty

  5 five15 fifteen50 fifty

  6 six16 sixteen60 sixty

  7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy

  8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty

  9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety

  10 ten 100 one hundred

  *基数词的写法 :21~99的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。

  例:21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine

  百位数:个位数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。

  例:101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight

  2.序数词的构成

  1)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例,

  four+ th--- fourth six + th --- sixth

  seven + th --- seventh ten + th --- tenth

  2)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,

  one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fifth

  eight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth

  3)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i,然后在加eth.例,

  twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtieth

  forty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth

  1) 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,

  twenty –one ------ twenty- first

  thirty-five ------thirty-fifth

  a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third

  *基数词变序数词的口诀:

  基变序,有规律;词尾加上th(fourth, sixth)

  一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母t, d, d;(first,second,third)

  八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth);ve要用f替;(fifth,twelfth)

  整十基数变序数,ty将y变成i ; th 前面有个e;

  要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。

  二、冠词

  冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词,the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前,如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前,如 an apple, an hour, an English book.

  1. 不定冠词(a,an)指人或事物的某一种类,表示“一个”,但不强调数量。

  She is a teacher. That’s an orange.

  2. 定冠词 the,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上文提到过的人和事。

  This is a bus. The bus is big.

  3. 不用冠词的情况:

  1) 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如,

  Chinese, English, Jim等。

  2) 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时,就不再用冠词了。如,

  that mouse (那只老鼠)

  3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如,

  at home 在家 go to school 去上学

  *定冠词the的用法记忆口诀:

  特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;

  海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;

  方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;

  船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;

  姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠the加在前。

  *零冠词用法口诀:

  月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前;

  三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。

  冠词和数词专项练习

  一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填“/”。

  1) at ____home 2) go to_____ bed 3) go to _____school

  4) catch ______ bad cold 5) have _____ good time

  6) ______red apple 7)_____ English book 8) ______ spoon

  9)_____ orange 10) ______melon 11) _______ eraser

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  二、选择填空

  1.There is _____ “m” in the word “primary”

  A. an B.a C.the D./

  2.This is ____ orange bike .

  A.a B.an C.the D/

  3.It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .

  A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a D.an , the

  4.English is ____ useful language in ____ world .

  A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the

  5.We are going to _____ cinema this evening .

  A.the B./ C/a D.an

  6.He’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .

  A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the

  7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .

  A.The , an B.The , a C.A, the D.An, /

  8.He was _____ first to come .

  A.The B.a C.the D./

  9.Do you see ____ book on _____ table ?

  A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the

  10.Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .

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